Looking towards the top of the walls, there is plenty of room to work with. I planted Mutfruit trees in the pen to ensure settlers would go “visit” the critter now and then. While building up the interior, a Brahmin unexpectedly showed up at the settlement, so I wound up building a pen for it outside the walls. Still, the idea was to create a formidable set of walls that would be difficult for enemies to get through (I have read enemies can occasionally spawn in the walls, but I have yet to experience this). I pretty much sealed up the walls and honestly, it looks a tad dull from the exterior which is why most of my screenshots here are focused on the interior.
When you first arrive at The Castle a couple of its formerly formidable walls have been long destroyed, so the first thing I did after retaking the fort was using the concrete foundation blocks to restore the walls.